Although the risk of HIV transmission through occupational exposures to blood and body fluids is reported at less than 1% by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2014), the risk still remains with each needle stick injury or splash exposures, as long as HIV is not eradicated. Work- related needle stick injuries have been reported at a rate of about three per 100 full-time
equivalents with an alarming 50% of unreported cases (Upjohn, Stuart, Korman, & Woolley, 2012). Furthermore, Katz (2012) reported that about 385,000 needle stick injuries occur among health care workers every year in the United States. The majority of exposures are due to a failure to follow standard safety protocols and guidelines such as using proper personal protective equipment (PPE).
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| Copyright 2014 by the CDC |
Effective prevention approaches to workplace exposure to blood and body fluids should include (a) established hospital-wide standardized safety guidelines, (b) mandatory education to all healthcare workers about the importance of following proper work safety practices, using universal precaution guidelines, and treating all body fluids as potentially infectious, and (c) reinforcement of appropriate use of PPEs, including proper engineering controls, such as shields, goggles, and hoods, especially for laboratory personnel. Collaborative efforts between organizational leaders and employees are essential at promoting healthy and safe workplace practices.
Written by G. Hyacinthe
Occupational HIV Transmission and Prevention Among Health Care Workers (CDC.GOV)
Written by G. Hyacinthe
Occupational HIV Transmission and Prevention Among Health Care Workers (CDC.GOV)
References
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014,
November). Today's HIV/AIDS Epidemic [FACTSHEETS]. Retrieved from The Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention:
http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/docs/HIVFactSheets/TodaysEpidemic-508.pdf
Katz, A. (2013, December). Exposed to patient’s body
fluids? Now what? American Nurse Today, 8(12). Retrieved from
http://www.americannursetoday.com/exposed-to-patients-body-fluids-now-what/
Upjohn, L., Stuart, R., Korman, T., & Woolley, I.
(2012). New HIV diagnosis after occupational exposure screening: the
importance of reporting needlestick injuries. Internal Medicine Journal, 42(2),
202-204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.2011.02616.x
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